"By distilling water into steam and then into liquid, sea water can be turned into drinkable water.". 3. The study of alchemists In the 2nd century AD, alchemists developed the earliest copper distillation device, the "distillation pot". 4. Appearance of vacuum distillation In the 17th century, Robert Boyle, an Irish physicist, carried out the first revolutionary vacuum distillation, which proved the relationship between pressure and boiling point, and the distillation speed was greatly improved. 5. Rotating distillation flask and commercial rotary evaporator In the 1950s,jacketed glass reactor, scientists C. C. Draig and M. E. Volk proposed the concept of rotating flask to achieve better mixing and larger area heating of samples. At the same time, the earliest commercial rotary evaporator was born. 6. The Age of Intelligent Rotary Steaming In the 21st century, the wave of artificial intelligence has swept the world. With the continuous advancement of laboratory automation, intelligent rotary steaming has become the standard of modern laboratories. Vacuum tube material: general manufacturers do not have standard vacuum tube, when they choose and buy, silicone tube is naturally the first choice, because its aging efficiency is slower than rubber tube. 2. Heating pot temperature The higher the temperature of the heating pot, the faster the distillation effect of the solvent, but considering the thermal sensitivity of the target component and the safety of operation, the most commonly used temperature is 60 C. Moreover, above 80 ° C, the use of silicone oil as a medium will cause cleaning problems, and it is generally recommended to reduce the vacuum value to achieve faster distillation efficiency. At present, the best diaphragm vacuum pump on the market has a limit vacuum of 2mbar, and DMF can be distilled at room temperature. 3. Rotating speed of evaporation bottle The faster the rotating speed of the evaporation bottle is, the larger the wetting area of the inner surface of the bottle is, and the larger the heated area is; but at the same time, the thicker the liquid film is, and the greater the heat transfer temperature difference is. There is an optimum rotational speed for materials with different viscosities. And that rotation pow is provided by the motor, the DC brushless motor, the AC motor and the step motor are all available on the market, and the feedback of the DC brushless motor is the best, and the motor is maintenance-free for 10 years. 4. Temperature of cooling medium In order to ensure the best distillation efficiency, it is generally recommended to maintain a temperature difference of 40 ° C between the cooling medium and the heating pot temperature, so as to condense the hot steam quickly and reduce the influence of the steam on the vacuum of the system. The biggest disadvantage in the application of rotary evaporator It is the boiling of certain samples, such as ethanol and water, that will result in the loss of the sample collected by the experimenter. During operation, boiling can usually be prevented by carefully adjusting the working intensity of the vacuum pump or the temperature of the heating pot during the mixing stage of the distillation process. Alternatively, anti-boil particles may be adde to that sample. For samples that are particularly difficult to distill, including those that are prone to foaming, the rotary evaporator can also be equipped with a special condenser tube. (Source: Experiment and Analysis) Mumuxili Instrument said that all liquid phase veterans know this. Daily maintenance of pipette: teach you how to disassemble and assemble correctly How to obtain the ideal standard curve? Special statement: The publication of this article is only for the purpose of disseminating information, and does not represent the views of this public account; if other media,decarboxylation after extraction, websites or individuals reprint and use from this public account, please apply to the original author, and bear the copyright and other legal responsibilities. Return to Sohu to see more Responsible Editor:. toptiontech.com