Congenital static night blindness(CSNB) is a type of hereditary ophthalmological disease that mainly damages the function of the retinal rod system. Its clinical characteristics are non-progressive night blindness after birth, with normal vision and field of vision, no fundus changes, and the condition remains unchanged for life. Its inheritance mode is in line with Mendelian inheritance. At present, autosomal dominant inheritance, autosomal recessive inheritance and X-linked recessive inheritance have been reported. Among them, autosomal dominant inheritance is more. Due to the obvious genetic heterogeneity and allelic heterogeneity, its etiology and pathogenesis are very complicated, and it is still unclear, and there is no specific treatment to cure it. Therefore, elucidating the pathogenesis of such diseases at the molecular level has become one of the frontier research topics in the international ophthalmology community in recent years.