Because gold nanoparticles have the properties of surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy, in the construction of DNA analysis and detection, they have the advantage of being able to convert a biometric reaction into an amplified optical or electrical signal. Therefore, the combination of nano-gold and DNA is used to detect the bases, single strands and oligonucleotides of DNA. Using nanoparticles as tags to detect DNA is an interesting alternative to standard fluorescence techniques. This method has simple detection equipment, high stability and low cost.